← DNA & ancestry

All haplogroups

A complete index of the 495 human DNA haplogroups catalogued in Wikidata — 191 Y-DNA (paternal) and 304 mtDNA (maternal). The 39 major ones have their own page here (names in bold); the rest link out to their reference article. A green dot marks the lineages that appear in our ancient-British DNA analysis.

Grouped alphabetically by macro-haplogroup for browsing — not a strict family tree. The real phylogeny (which nests, say, mtDNA K under U) is in the individual pages and the reference links. Names, QIDs and articles from Wikidata (CC0).

Going deeper: the full Y-DNA tree runs to some 69,000 SNP-defined branches (…R-M269 → R-L21 → …), updated monthly. Rather than clone and stale-copy it, the major- haplogroup pages here carry each lineage’s estimated age and link into the live YFull tree (CC BY), where you can drill to any terminal subclade.

The major-haplogroup hierarchy

How the major haplogroups nest, most ancient at the top. Simplified for readability — the deep backbone nodes (BT, CT, IJK…) and the thousands of finer subclades are omitted; follow a page’s link (or YFull, for Y-DNA) for the full tree. Each name links to its page.

Complete alphabetical index

Y-DNA (paternal line)

mtDNA (maternal line)